Cats are subtle creatures and often hide signs of illness very well. However, if you notice your cat having difficulty urinating and crying when using the litter box, it may be an early warning sign of a serious health issue that requires prompt attention.

Urinary difficulty in cats: A symptom not to be ignored

Urination is a basic physiological activity, but it also reflects your cat’s overall health. When a cat shows signs of straining to urinate, crying out in pain, or appearing distressed while in the litter box, it’s time to be concerned. Common signs include:

  • Frequent visits to the litter box but producing very little or no urine.
  • Crying, arching the back, or tensing up when attempting to urinate.
  • Urine with an unusual color, such as pinkish-red (blood), cloudy, or with a stronger odor.
  • Excessive licking of the genital area due to discomfort.
  • Accompanied by lethargy, loss of appetite, and hiding behavior.

These symptoms should not be dismissed, as they could be indicators of serious underlying conditions.

Common causes of urinary problems in cats

1. Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD)

FLUTD is a common condition affecting the bladder and urethra in cats. Causes may include:

  • Idiopathic inflammation
  • Bladder or urethral stones
  • Urethral plugs
  • Stress or sudden changes in the living environment

FLUTD can cause significant pain and, if left untreated, may lead to a urethral blockage - a life-threatening emergency, especially in male cats.

2. Kidney or bladder stones

Mineral buildup in the urine can form stones that obstruct urinary flow. Cats with stones may strain while urinating, and blood may appear in the urine. Large stones can completely block the urethra, particularly dangerous for male cats due to their narrower urinary tract.

3. Chronic kidney disease (CKD)

This condition is common in older cats but can also affect younger ones. When the kidneys function poorly, toxins accumulate in the body. Early signs include increased thirst, frequent but dilute urination, and later progressing to difficulty urinating, poor appetite, and weight loss.

4. Urinary tract infection (UTI)

Bacteria can infect the urinary tract, causing painful and frequent urination. Affected cats may vocalize during urination. If not treated, the infection can spread to the kidneys.

5. Tumors or anatomical abnormalities

In rare cases, difficulty urinating may be caused by tumors compressing the urinary tract or congenital abnormalities. These issues require in-depth diagnostics such as ultrasound or X-rays.

When to take your cat to the vet

You should seek veterinary attention immediately if your cat:

  • Has not urinated for more than 24 hours
  • Cries, arches the back, or shows pain in the litter box
  • Has discolored or bloody urine
  • Appears lethargic, refuses to eat, or hides more than usual

Delaying treatment can worsen the condition and even lead to death due to toxin buildup in the bloodstream.

How to care for and prevent urinary problems in cats

1. Ensure adequate water intake

Cats are prone to dehydration and concentrated urine, which increases the risk of crystal formation. Always provide clean water, and consider using a cat water fountain to encourage more drinking.

2. Provide a suitable diet

A balanced diet plays a crucial role in supporting kidney and urinary health. Choose food rich in fiber, low in sodium, and formulated to support kidney function and control urine pH.

You may consider Vet’s Selection Cat Kidney Care PP Label for Cat or BP Label for Cat — both are complete cat foods designed to support kidney and urinary health. The only difference lies in the flavor, so you can choose the one your cat prefers to stimulate their appetite.

3. Minimize stress

Stress can worsen urinary conditions. Maintain a calm, consistent environment. Avoid frequent changes to the litter box or feeding area. Provide safe spaces for your cat to hide and avoid conflicts with other pets.

4. Keep the litter box clean

Dirty litter boxes can cause cats to hold in their urine, which harms the bladder and kidneys. Scoop the box at least once or twice a day and replace the litter regularly to ensure a hygienic, comfortable space for your cat.Difficulty urinating and crying in cats is more than just a temporary behavior—it could be a sign of serious illness. Early detection and proper care are key to helping your cat recover and avoiding dangerous complications. Monitor your cat’s urination habits daily and provide a balanced diet to protect the kidneys and urinary tract, two of the most vulnerable systems in feline health